Intambwe yo kwishyiriraho yaumukandaran'ibibazo bikeneye kwitabwaho

 

 

 

 Kugeza ubu,umukandaraikoreshwa cyane mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, metallurgie, amakara, n'izindi nganda, kubera ko kwishyiriraho kwayo kutari hejuru nk'ibikoresho bisobanutse nk'ibikoresho by'imashini na moteri nini, bityo abakoresha bamwe bazahitamo kubikora ubwabo.Ariko rero, kwishyiriraho umukandara ntushobora kubisabwa neza, iyo habaye ikibazo, bizazana ibibazo bitari ngombwa kumurimo uza gutangira no kwemerwa, kandi biroroshye kandi guteza impanuka nko gutandukana na kaseti mubikorwa.Kwishyiriraho umukandara wa convoyeur birashobora kugabanywa mubice bikurikira.

 

01

 

Kwitegura mbere yo kwishyiriraho

 

Ubwa mbere, menyera igishushanyo.Urebye ibishushanyo, wumve imiterere yibikoresho, ifishi yo kwishyiriraho, ibice nubunini bwibigize, ibipimo byimikorere, nandi makuru yingenzi.Noneho umenyere ibipimo byingenzi byo kwishyiriraho nibisabwa tekinike kubishushanyo.Niba nta byangombwa byihariye byo kwishyiriraho, ibisabwa muri tekiniki rusange ya convoyeur ni:

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(2) Gutandukana kugororotse kumurongo wo hagati wikadiri ntigomba kurenza 5mm muburebure bwa 25m.

 

(3) Gutandukana guhagaritse amaguru ya rack hasi ntibigomba kurenza 2/1000.

 

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02

 

Intambwe yo kwishyiriraho ibikoresho

 

Niba umukandara wumukandara ashobora kuba yujuje ibyashizweho nogushiraho kandi bigakora mubisanzwe kandi neza biterwa ahanini nuburyo bwo kwishyiriraho igikoresho cyo gutwara, ingoma, hamwe niziga ryumurizo.Niba hagati yumukandara wumukandara uhuye numurongo wo hagati wigikoresho cyo gutwara hamwe niziga ryumurizo, bityo rero gushiraho mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho ni ngombwa cyane.

(1) Kurekura

 

Turashobora gukoresha theodolite kugirango tumenye hagati yizuru (gutwara) n'umurizo (umurizo wumurizo), Hanyuma indobo ya wino ikoreshwa kugirango umurongo wo hagati hagati yizuru numurizo ube umurongo ugororotse.Ubu buryo burashobora kwemeza neza ko kwishyiriraho neza.

 

(2) Gushiraho ibikoresho byo gutwara

 

Igikoresho cyo gutwara kigizwe ahanini na moteri, kugabanya, gutwara ingoma, bracket, nibindi bice.

 

Mbere ya byose, dushyira ingoma ya drake na bracket inteko, dushyira ku isahani yashyizwemo, isahani yashyizwemo hamwe na brake yashyizwe hagati yicyuma, kuringaniza urwego, kugirango tumenye neza ko urwego rwibice bine byumutwe ruri munsi cyangwa bingana na 0.5mm.

 

Noneho, shakisha hagati yikinyabiziga kigendesha, shyira umurongo kumurongo wo hagati, hanyuma uhindure umurongo muremure kandi uhinduranya umurongo wo hagati wikinyabiziga kugirango uhuze numurongo wibanze wo hagati.

 

Iyo uhinduye ubutumburuke bwingoma yo gutwara, birakenewe kandi kubika intera runaka kugirango uhindure moteri no kugabanya ubutumburuke.Kuva guhuza moteri na kugabanya byahinduwe kumurongo mugihe cyo gukora ibikoresho, inshingano zacu nukubona igikwiye, urwego, no kwemeza impamyabumenyi ya coaxial hagati yigabanya ningoma ya drake.

 

Iyo uhinduye, ingoma yo gutwara ifatwa nkibyingenzi, kubera ko isano iri hagati yo kugabanya na roller yo gutwara ni ihuza rya nylon inkoni ya elastike, ubunyangamugayo bwa coaxial burashobora kuruhuka bikwiye, kandi icyerekezo cya radiyo ntikiri munsi cyangwa kingana 0.2mm, isura yanyuma ntabwo irenze 2/1000.

 

(3) Gushiraho umurizopulley

 

Umurizo wumurizo ugizwe nibice bibiri, inyuguti, ningoma, kandi intambwe yo guhindura ni kimwe ningoma yo gutwara.

 

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Amenshi mumaguru ashyigikira imashini yumukandara afite H-, kandi uburebure n'ubugari bwabyo biratandukana ukurikije uburebure n'ubugari bw'imikandara, ingano yo gutwara umukandara, nibindi.

 

Hasi, dufata ubugari bwamaguru ya 1500mm nkurugero, uburyo bwihariye bwo gukora nuburyo bukurikira:

 

Ubwa mbere, bapima umurongo wo hagati wubugari bwerekezo hanyuma ukore ikimenyetso.

 

2 Shira outrigger ku kibaho cyashyizwe ku rufatiro hanyuma ukoreshe umurongo kugirango ugabanye umurongo uhagaritse kugirango umurongo wo hagati wubugari bwerekezo bwamaguru ukuguru uhure hagati rwibanze.

 

Kora ikimenyetso ahantu hose kumurongo wo hagati wibanze (muri rusange muri 1000mm), Ukurikije ihame rya mpandeshatu ya isosceles, iyo ibipimo byombi bingana, amaguru arahuzwa.

 

Amaguru 4 yo gusudira, urashobora gushiraho ikadiri yo hagati, ikozwe mubyuma 10 cyangwa 12 byibyuma, mubyerekezo byubugari bwumuyoboro wacukuwe hamwe na diameter ya 12 cyangwa 16mm yumurongo wibyobo, bikoreshwa muguhuza inkunga ya roller.Ifishi yo guhuza ikadiri yo hagati hamwe ukuguru gushigikira irasudwa, kandi metero yo murwego ikoreshwa mugupima iyinjizwamo.Kugirango tumenye neza uburinganire n'ubwuzuzanye bw'ikadiri yo hagati, imiyoboro ibiri mu cyerekezo cyo kubangikanya, umurongo wo hejuru w’ibyobo kugirango ukoreshe uburyo bwo gupima umurongo wa diagonal kugirango ugereranye kugirango ubone neza, kugirango umenye neza ko uruziga rushyigikiwe, hejuru ya umutima winkunga yo kwishyiriraho neza.

 

Uruziga rushyizwe kumurongo wo hagati, uhujwe na bolts, kandi uruziga rushyirwa kumurongo.Twabibutsa ko hari amatsinda ane yabakora reberi munsi yumunwa wuzuye, bigira uruhare runini rwo gukurura no guhungabana.

 

Shyiramo hepfo ya parallel idakora hamwe na buke yo hasi.

 

 

 

03

 

Ibisabwa byo kwishyiriraho ibikoresho

 

Kwishyiriraho ibikoresho bigomba gukorwa nyuma yuko umukandara ushyizwe kumurongo.Ibikoresho birimo ibikoresho biyobora ibikoresho, isuku yubusa, isuku yumutwe, anti-deviation, chute, nigikoresho cyo gukanda umukandara.

(1) Gukata no kuyobora inkono

 

Chute itondekanye ku cyambu cyambaye ubusa, naho igice cyo hepfo gihujwe nigikoresho kiyobora ibikoresho, gitunganijwe hejuru yumukandara.Ubutare buva mu kanwa kambaye ubusa muri chute, hanyuma ukava muri chute ukinjira mu muyoboro uyobora ibikoresho, ibikoresho byo kuyobora ibikoresho kugeza ku bucukuzi bwagabanijwe hagati mu mukandara, kugira ngo ubutare butavunika.

 

(2) Umuhengeri

 

Igice cyohanagura cyashyizwe kumukandara munsi yumurizo wimashini kugirango isukure ubutare munsi yumukandara.

 

Isuku yo mumutwe yashyizwe mugice cyo hasi cyingoma yumutwe kugirango isukure ibikoresho byo hejuru yumukandara.

 

(3) Igikoresho cyo guhagarika umutima

 

Igikoresho cyo guhagarika kigabanyijemo impagarara, guhagarikwa guhagaritse, guhagarara kwimodoka itambitse, nibindi.Umuhengeri hamwe n'umurizo ushyigikiwe muri rusange, ugizwe nutubuto hamwe nuduce twa sisitemu, muri rusange bikoreshwa kumukandara mugufi.Impagarara zihagaritse hamwe nuburemere bwimodoka bikoreshwa kumukandara muremure.

 

(4) Ibikoresho byo kwishyiriraho

 

Ibikoresho byumutekano birimo ingabo yumutwe, umurizo wumurizo, gukurura umugozi, nibindi. Igikoresho cyumutekano gishyizwe mugice kizunguruka cyimashini yumukandara kugirango ikingire.

 

Nyuma yimikorere yuburyo bwavuzwe haruguru hamwe nintambwe, no kwemeza urwego runaka rwukuri, binyuze mumuzigo wubusa nuburemere bwikizamini, no guhindura umukandara, urashobora kwiruka neza kandi neza